Inglês na EPCAR
Lista de 20 exercícios de Inglês com gabarito sobre o tema Inglês na EPCAR com questões da Vestibulares Militares
Texto para todas as questões
Directions: Read the text below and answer question according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
[5] But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
[10] Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
[15] planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel. Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
[20] are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
[25] Enrico Fermi who first outlined1 the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account2 all the factors relevant to finding
[30] alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate3 of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
[35] support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
[40] Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
[45] been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
[50] and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a [55] total of 800 ‘nearby’4 (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
[60] personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible5 the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
[65] Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes6 and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
[70] for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
[75] to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-lifebeyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
01. (EPCAR)
“the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction stories” (lines 3 and 4).
The underlined word is a synonym for
- interesting.
- limited.
- important.
- enormous.
02. (EPCAR)
The text states that
- other creatures have already visited us.
- scientists have searched smart aliens.
- we have neighbours beyond Earth.
- nobody has proved the existence of extraterrestrial life.
03. (EPCAR)
Mark the alternative in which the highlighted word is used with the same meaning as in the sentence below.
“We have always been fascinated by the thought of alien life elsewhere in the universe.” (lines 1 and 2).
- We didn't give any thought to her appearance.
- We thought about the time we spent in the army.
- We thought of a pretty good excuse for being late.
- We’d buy John's old car, but we thought better of it.
04. (EPCAR)
Mark the statement that is in DISAGREEMENT with the text.
- There’s a possibility of finding life in other places in the universe.
- Appropriate equipment will be necessary for the exploration.
- International organisations detected aliens’ signals.
- Francis Drake developed an equation to find alien civilisations.
05. (EPCAR)
Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.
Where are all the aliens? (line 9)
- Nobody saw them.
- There are some beyond Earth.
- There aren't any in the universe.
- There aren't none in our galaxy.
06. (EPCAR)
According to paragraph 2,
- here aren’t many stars in our galaxy.
- we may not be alone.
- scientists developed interstellar travel.
- our sun is the most important star among billions of planetary systems.
07. (EPCAR)
Mark the statement that is NOT mentioned in the text.
- The Fermi Paradox tries to answer the question of where the aliens are.
- Drake’s equation comes from Fermi’s question.
- The SETI Institute and the SETI League try to prove that aliens don’t exist.
- Project Phoenix has tried to detect signs of life.
08. (EPCAR)
Considering the plural form of the nouns, mark the correct alternative.
- Basis (line 3) – base.
- Galaxy (line 11) – galaxyes
- Life (line 36) – lives.
- Search (line 39) – searchers.
09. (EPCAR)
Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.
- Milky Way is the galaxy where there will probably be a large number of habitable planets.
- 1961 is the year when the astronomer Francis Drake developed an equation.
- Scientists and astronomers were the ones who started the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
- Robotic space probes are instruments what can provide a huge wealth of information.
10. (EPCAR)
The word none (line 57) refers to
- noises.
- project.
- aliens.
- no one.
11. (EPCAR)
Mark the alternative that completes the sentence below correctly.
All exploration will happen if they ___ robotic space probes.
- will use
- using
- use
- are going to use
12. (EPCAR)
“Do we have neighbours beyond Earth?” (lines 76 and 77).
One of the alternatives DOESN’T answer the question. Mark it.
- No, we haven't.
- Probably not.
- I don't think so.
- No, we don't.
13. (EPCAR)
The content of the text is based on
- mistakes and denials.
- doubts and lies.
- truths and faults.
- facts and possibilities.
14. (EPCAR)
Read the sentences from the text and classify them. The underlined excerpts are examples of
“Project Phoenix, which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes in the world:” (lines 46 to 48).
“there’s a chance we may still find much simpler life forms .” (lines 75 and 76).
- comparative and superlative.
- superlative and comparative.
- superlative of inferiority.
- comparative of equality.
15. (EPCAR) The author concludes that
- the subject is still uncertain.
- our intelligent neighbours live nearby in the universe.
- the time for answers has already come.
- there’s no chance of finding new forms of life.